Statistical significance refers to the likelihood that the results of a statistical analysis are not due to chance, but rather reflect a true relationship between variables. In other words, it is a measure of how confident we can be in the findings of a study or experiment. This is determined by comparing the observed data to what would be expected by chance alone. A result is considered statistically significant if the probability of obtaining it by chance is very low, typically less than 5%. This allows researchers to draw meaningful conclusions and make informed decisions based on the data. Statistical significance is an important concept in the field of statistics and is used to determine the validity and reliability of research findings.