Ad verification refers to the process of ensuring that online advertisements are displayed accurately and in a brand-safe environment. This involves verifying that the ad is being seen by real users, on appropriate websites, and in the intended format. Ad verification also includes monitoring for fraudulent activity, such as click fraud or ad stacking, to ensure that advertisers are getting what they paid for. By providing transparency and accountability in the advertising ecosystem, ad verification helps to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of online advertising.