A comprehensive and systematic investigation or examination of a particular subject or topic, conducted by a single researcher or group, with the aim of gaining new knowledge or understanding. This process involves collecting and analyzing data, drawing conclusions, and presenting findings in a structured and objective manner. One study serves as a valuable tool for advancing knowledge and informing decision-making in various fields, such as science, social sciences, and humanities. It requires critical thinking, attention to detail, and adherence to ethical principles to ensure the validity and reliability of its results.