SOM, short for Self-Organizing Map, is a powerful artificial intelligence technique used for data visualization and analysis. It is a type of neural network that mimics the self-organizing abilities of the human brain, allowing it to identify patterns and relationships within complex data sets. By organizing data into clusters and mapping them onto a two-dimensional grid, SOMs provide a visual representation of the underlying structure of the data, making it easier to understand and interpret. This versatile tool has applications in various fields, including finance, marketing, and biology, making it an essential tool for data-driven decision making.