A static IP address is a unique numerical label assigned to a device on a network that remains constant and does not change. Unlike a dynamic IP address, which is assigned by a server each time a device connects to the network, a static IP address is manually configured and remains the same every time the device connects. This allows for consistent and reliable communication between devices on a network, making it ideal for tasks such as hosting websites, remote access, and online gaming. Additionally, a static IP address can provide enhanced security and easier management for network administrators.